On modern QWERTY keyboards, 1 is positioned at on the left of the keyboard and 0 is positioned on the right. Despite being commonplace this is actually a strange arrangement. The reason for this is due to the design of typewriters.
Keyboard layouts have evolved over time, usually alongside major technology changes. Particularly influential have been: the Sholes and Glidden typewriter (1874, also known as Remington No. 1), the first commercially successful typewriter, which introduced QWERTY its successor, the Remington No. 2 (1878), which introduced the shift key; the IBM Selectric (1961), a very influential electric typewriter, which was imitated by computer keyboards and the IBM PC (1981), namely the Model M (1985), which is the basis for many modern keyboard layouts.
Early QWERTY typewriters didn't include keys for 0 or 1, these characters were written using O could be written I. This reduced construction costs and reduced design complexity reducing the total number of keys.
Once the shift key was introduced, l was favoured as a replacement 1 as required a single keystroke rather than two for I. This heralded the addition of the 0 key as O required a second keypress to on these machines. 234567890 was considered better than 023456789, so was placed at the end of the numbers row. A 1 key was later widely added and was placed at the start, but the convention of 0 on the far right was already established.